Hiren M. Marvaniya, Kaumil N. Modi and Dhrubo Jyoti Sen
The toxicity and volatile nature of many organic solvents, particularly chlorinated hydrocarbons that are widely used in huge amounts for organic reactions have posed a serious threat to the environment. Thus, design of solventless catalytic reaction has received tremendous attention in recent times in the area of green synthesis. A solvent-free or solid state reaction may be carried out using the reactants alone or incorporating them in clays, zeolites, silica, alumina or other matrices to achieve high degree of stereoselectivity in the products, to reduce byproducts, to maximize rate of reaction. We illustrate the environmentally benign approach to 1,2-Oxazine-2- oxides, Michael addition, Wohl–Ziegler reaction, Acylation, Heck reaction, Tishchenko reaction, Diels– Alder reaction, Reformatsky and Luche Reaction, Oxidative coupling Reaction, Synthesis of chalcones, Synthesis of Dihydropyrimidinones
