Sunny Ibeneme
Debate regarding the impact of information communication and technology (ICT) on health outcomes has prompted researchers to conduct analyses across many parts of the globe, yet, still little is known about ICT impact in the African continent. Using a robust multivariate approach, this study examined system-wide impact of ICT diffusion on multiple health outcomes for HIV and tuberculosis among sovereign countries of Africa. This study utilized longitudinal panel data from the World Bank and International Telecommunication Union databases between 2000 and 2016. We relied on a robust linear Dynamic Panel Data model to incorporate lagged time variables to estimate the relationship between ICT infrastructure (including mobile phones, internet access, and fixed-telephone subscriptions) and HIV and tuberculosis outcomes. Econometric analyses found that the coefficients on the aggregate ICT variables were all negative but for fixed telephones for tuberculosis health measures and HIV prevalence, and positive for access to antiretroviral therapy. The diffusion of mobile phones and internet was associated with decrease incidence of tuberculosis, HIV prevalence, and tuberculosis mortality rates. However, increased diffusion of these three ICT tools facilitated increased access to antiretroviral therapy. Study findings provide systematic evidence to inform policy regarding investments in the health sector ICT infrastructure adoption, including educating the public on the use of ICT as an alternative policy to improve population health. African governments should identify investment strategies for adopting and implementing ICT to enhance medical practice and service delivery, while reducing healthcare costs.
