Francesco Chiappelli
This Editorial presents the position that, in the decade ahead, translational biomedicine will continue to play a premier role in the advancement of patient-centered, evidence-based and effectiveness-focused interventions for ARV-treated HIV/AIDS patients who exhibit IRIS. A well- articulated translational research-effectiveness program in biomedicine is timely and critical not only to develop and obtain better biomarkers of IRIS to understand the physio-pathology of this condition more fully, but also to improve efficient dissemination for increased health literacy of all stakeholders.