Enzymes, the remarkable catalysts orchestrating the myriad chemical reactions within living organisms, exhibit an astounding architectural complexity that underlies their diverse functions and evolutionary history. Understanding the intricacies of enzyme structure has farreaching implications, spanning from fundamental biochemical insights to practical applications in therapeutics and biotechnology. In this article, we embark on a journey to unravel the mysteries of enzyme architecture, exploring how their three-dimensional arrangements dictate catalytic efficiency, substrate specificity, and intricate regulatory mechanisms. Through a comprehensive review of cutting-edge research, we shed light on the evolutionary forces that have shaped these molecular machineries and led to the remarkable diversity of enzymes across different species and ecosystems. Moreover, we delve into the role of enzyme structure in unraveling the molecular basis of diseases, offering new avenues for therapeutic intervention and drug design. With recent advances in structural biology techniques and computational methods, we discuss how the intricate details of enzyme architecture can guide the development of targeted therapies, addressing various medical conditions and combating drug resistance. Beyond the realm of medicine, we explore the potential of enzymes as biotechnological tools, leveraging their diverse functions for sustainable industrial processes and environmental remediation. Throughout this review, we emphasize the interdisciplinary nature of studying enzyme structure, where biology, biochemistry, and biophysics converge to unravel the underlying principles governing these molecular marvels. By uncovering the intimate relationship between enzyme architecture, function, and evolution, this article aims to inspire future research, innovation, and collaboration, paving the way for transformative advances in biomedicine, biotechnology, and beyond.
KeywordsEnzyme structure; Enzyme function; Enzyme catalysis; Enzyme architecture
Published Date: 2023-08-31; Received Date: 2023-08-03
