Leukaemia is a type of cancer that originates in the bone marrow and affects the blood and blood-forming tissues. It is characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal white blood cells, which hinders the production of healthy blood cells. Leukemia can be broadly classified into four main types: acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), each with distinct characteristics and progression rates. The exact causes of leukemia remains unknown, but certain risk factors, including genetic factors and exposure to radiation or chemicals, have been identified. Symptoms vary depending on the type and stage of the disease, and diagnosis involves blood tests and bone marrow examination. Treatment options for leukemia include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy, and stem cell transplant. Advancements in leukemia research have led to improved treatment options and outcomes, with ongoing studies exploring innovative therapies to further enhance patient care. Early detection, accurate diagnosis, and timely intervention are crucial in improving survival rates and quality of life for individuals affected by leukemia. Public awareness, support for research, and collaborative efforts are essential in the ongoing fight against this challenging and life-threatening disease.
KeywordsChemotherapy; Targeted therapy; Immunotherapy; Radiation therapy; Stem cell transplant
Published Date: 2023-07-28; Received Date: 2023-07-01
