Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, play a crucial role in neuroinflammation and the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. This review explores the role of microglia in neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. We discuss the activation and polarization states of microglia, the release of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors, and the interactions with other cell types in the brain. Furthermore, we highlight the emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating microglial function, including targeting microglial activation, polarization, and phagocytic activity. Understanding the complex role of microglia in neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases is critical for the development of effective therapeutic interventions.
Published Date: 2023-06-28; Received Date: 2023-05-29
